What a purchase order is for
A purchase order is you telling a supplier, in writing and before anything moves, exactly
what you want, at what price, delivered where and by when. When their invoice arrives weeks
later, the PO is what you check it against.
Without one, the argument has no evidence in it. With one, the conversation is short: this
is what was ordered, this is what was agreed, here is the number your invoice has to quote.
Six things make a purchase order do its job, and all six are on the document this page
builds: your business, the supplier, a unique number, what is being ordered with quantities
and units, where and when it goes, and who authorised it.
Every trade orders differently, so the lines start differently
An order for ready-mix concrete and an order for takeaway cups have nothing in common except
the shape of the document. Pick your trade at the top of the builder and the lines,
quantities and units start where that trade starts, then you edit from there.
Contractors and trades
Cubic yards, tons, lengths and day
rates, and a delivery address that has to be the site rather than your office. The
required-by date is what the supplier plans the truck around.
Electricians, plumbers, HVAC
Rolls, feet and each. Panels,
heaters and fittings are ordered by part rather than by description, so the line has to be
specific enough that the wrong thing cannot arrive.
Kitchens, shops and workshops
Cases, gallons, pounds and
pallets. Stock ordering lives on unit prices, and a PO fixes the price at the moment of
ordering rather than at the moment of invoicing.
Studios, clinics, offices, fleets
Subcontractors and
suppliers invoice weeks later, often for a figure nobody remembers agreeing. A PO number
they have to quote turns that into a two-second check.
The unit is not a detail
A quantity with no unit against it is an argument waiting to happen. Eight of aggregate is
eight tons or eight bags depending on who reads it, and the difference turns up on a truck.
Every line on this order carries its own unit, from each and hour through to cubic yards,
pallets and lots, and the unit prints on the document beside the quantity.
It matters most where the same material is sold two ways. Mulch by the bag and mulch by the
pallet are the same product at wildly different prices, and the only thing standing between
those two outcomes is the word next to the number.
Purchase order, invoice, quote and work order
- Purchase order: you asking a supplier to provide something, at an agreed price.
You issue it.
- Invoice: them asking you to pay for it. They issue it, and it should quote your
PO number.
- Quote: a price offered to your own customer before work starts.
Write one here.
- Work order: authorising work to be carried out, usually on a site, usually signed.
Templates here.
The direction is what separates them. A purchase order goes out from you to a supplier; an
invoice comes in from them. Confusing the two is how businesses end up paying for things
nobody ordered.
The PO number, and why it matters more than it looks
A purchase order number is the thread that ties an order to a delivery to an invoice to a
payment. Most invoices that sit unpaid for weeks are not disputed: they are missing a
reference, so nobody can match them to anything and they wait.
Keep the format simple and sequential. PO-2026-0142 tells you the year and the order in one
glance, and sorts correctly in every spreadsheet. Put it on the order, insist on it on the
invoice, and quote it on the payment.
Draft, issued, approved
An order that is still being negotiated and an order that has been authorised are different
documents, and treating them as the same one is how a supplier ends up delivering against a
price nobody signed off. The stage is printed on the order itself.
- Draft while the price is still moving. Nothing is committed, and the word on the
page says so.
- Issued once it goes to the supplier. This is the version their invoice has to
match.
- Approved once it is signed off internally. The approver's name is the
authorisation, and an authorisation with nobody's name on it authorises nothing.
Sign it by drawing, typing or uploading a scan. Either way the order prints two lines: the
person who approved the spend, and whoever signs the delivery in at the other end.
Terms worth putting on every order
- Invoices must quote this PO number. The single most useful line on the document.
- Deliveries outside the agreed dates may be refused. Protects a site that has no
room to store an early delivery.
- Substitutions require approval before dispatch. Stops a different grade of
material arriving because the one you ordered was out of stock.
- Prices are fixed as stated. Removes the gap between the price quoted and the price
invoiced.
All four are already in the terms box, and payment terms sit alongside them as their own
field, from due on receipt through to Net 60. Edit any of it: they are a starting point, not
a contract you are stuck with.
Getting it to the supplier, and getting a PDF
Print or save PDF opens your own print dialogue, where the destination to choose is Save as
PDF. The order is measured and scaled to a single sheet before the dialogue opens, so it does
not split across two pages, and the page title is blanked for the duration so the browser
does not print its own header across the top of your document.
Email supplier opens a message already addressed, with the PO number in the subject and the
whole order in the body. Copy as text does the same thing for a system that wants pasting
into. Copy order as image puts the finished document on your clipboard as a picture, which is
what you want for a chat or a message thread. Everything is produced on your own device, and
nothing you type is uploaded anywhere.